BHOPAL — Explaining the concepts of money and currency, gold- and silver-based economies, banking mechanisms, taxation structures, and the role of global financial institutions in shaping modern economies, Shafi Lokhandwala, a former Design and Manufacturing Engineer with Ford Motors (USA), traced the evolution of the monetary system.
Lokhandwala delivered an insightful extension lecture on “Understanding Monetary System” at the Centre for Distance and Online Education (CDOE), Maulana Azad National Urdu University (MANUU), Regional Centre, Shanti Nagar, here recently.
He also discussed emerging financial trends, including digital money, cryptocurrency, and Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), highlighting their advantages, limitations, and possible future implications.
The extension lecture was aimed at enhancing financial literacy and improving students’ understanding of monetary systems in the context of rapid economic and technological changes.
The programme commenced with the Tilawat-e-Quran, followed by the MANUU Tarana.
In his introductory address, Dr Mohammad Ahsan, Regional Director of MANUU Regional Centre Bhopal, highlighted the university’s academic achievements, its NAAC A+ accreditation, and its commitment to expanding access to higher education through distance and online learning.
Among others, rof Abdul Raheem, Prof Noshad Husain and Mohammad Sadat Khan also participated in the programme.
Prof Abdul Raheem underscored the growing importance of financial literacy in contemporary society, while Prof Noshad Husain, Principal of the College of Teacher Education (CTE), appreciated the efforts of the MANUU Regional Centre, Bhopal, and spoke on the broader dimensions of the monetary system.
Mohammad Sadat Khan, Regional Assistant Director of MANUU RC Bhopal presented the vote f thanks at the conclusion.

